Towards a Virtuous Surveillance Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Towards a Virtuous Surveillance Society - Essay Example The current government will, for instance, be keen on the effect on social rejection and on the modernizing government plan. They may likewise scrutinize the potential offered for tending to the 'mischievous issues' that rise above departmental limits. They will more likely than not be keen on costs and the potential for reserve funds. They will know about the issues encompassing transparency and security. They ought to have respect for the effect of the electronic administrations on majority rule structures. Regardless of expected advantages of data accessibility and simple access, it permits the state and military offices to control society and acquaint powerful observation techniques with screen social procedures and keep up social request Reconnaissance is accomplished through various channels including business data and individual data. Organizations are progressively finding that, on the off chance that they consolidate their data resources with those of different organizations, the joined data asset is impressively increasingly valuable to all sides: two and two, in this occasion, can make much more than four. Set up a government managed savings or expense database with another database of individuals who owe obligations and you have a methods for following individual indebted individuals over significant stretches of time and gathering the obligation from them when they at last have the cash to reimburse it (a procedure known as obligation observation and right now being offered by certain organizations) (Lister 2003). This is what could be compared to the collaborations that blending organizations have generally looked for, and its convincing financial matters imply that organizations later on are all the more li kely going to be searching for approaches to consolidate their data with others than hoping to keep up the regular boundaries between businesses (Green 1999). It is incomprehensible that the legislature would dispatch electronic administrations in something besides an organization with the private segment. It is, accordingly, important to consider the point of view of the IT gracefully industry. This is an industry taking a gander at a major planned market. They will make correlations with other market divisions and, given the worldwide idea of the players in the business, with improvements in different nations (Lievrouw and Livingstone 2005). For the business, the issues will be related with the speed of market development, their feasible piece of the pie, the degree of introductory siphon preparing speculation they will be relied upon to make, and with their capacity to convey the plan set by government. For electronic government, concerning most different administrations, it is conceivable to distinguish three principle gatherings of player: the clients or beneficiaries of the administration, the suppliers, and the more extensive societ y or network inside which the administration is advertised. Each of these, in any case, may have significant sub-bunches that should be considered. Before endeavoring to quantify the effect of electronic government, it would, along these lines, be important to recognize the various players, to set up what they will use as benchmarks and purposes of correlation and to investigate what, for them, are the significant issues that should be considered in any evaluation of effect (Lister 2003). Reconnaissance is accomplished through control of flow of data and news accessible in the web and in broad communications. Deals of national, local and nearby papers have been falling in the numerous nations for various years. They were falling before the Internet and the World

Love between Fathers and children Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Love among Fathers and youngsters - Essay Example The primary comparability is that the two sonnets have the father as the fundamental subject. In â€Å"Those Winter Sundays†, the writer expresses that â€Å"Sundays too My Father rose early/and put his garments on in the blueback cold† (1, 2). This line presents the topic of the sonnet. In the whole sonnet, the artist keeps on delineating the figure and their job in the family setting. â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† was the writer additionally presents the dad figure, â€Å"†¦the whisky on your breath/could make a little kid dizzy†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (1, 2). In this line, the storyteller portrays the routine attribute of their dad. The equivalent is copied over the whole sonnet. The subsequent likeness is that the two sonnets likewise portray the obligation of the dad in the family. In â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† the artist states that, â€Å"we cavorted until the container/slid from the kitchen shelf† (4, 5). This line presented the job of the father portrayed in the sonnet. Furthermore, the sonnet likewise showed an extraordinary duty of the dad in the sonnet. In the sonnet â€Å"Those Winter Sundays† the writer expresses that, â€Å"who had driven out the cold/and cleaned my great shoes as well† (11, 12). This line portrays the father’s duty in the family setting. Likewise, the storyteller acknowledges and perceives the endeavors of their dad. The significant contrast in the two sonnets is that the impression of the dad figure is spoken to in an unexpected way. In â€Å"My Papa’s, Waltz† the storyteller is keen to the job of the dad. The storyteller expresses that, â€Å"†¦then danced me off to bed/despite everything sticking to your shirt†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (15, 16). The storyteller valued the endeavors put by their dad to make their night confortable. Howeverâ ¸ in â€Å"Those Winter Days†, the storyteller is frightful of their dad; dreading the interminable enrages of that house. In the sonnet, the storyteller depicts their dad as one to be dreaded for their character. Moreover, the storyteller incorporates

Crimes of the Heart Essay

I pick Babe as the character that I would make a â€Å"through-line. † She has one of the more point by point and complex foundation stories. They are perplexing, on the grounds that it isn't amazingly clear why they are noteworthy. Be that as it may, when one profoundly examines her character, it becomes clear why these tales about her are so significant in attempting to get Babe. Babe’s extreme objective is to comprehend her unpredictable reality. Dissimilar to the next Magrath sisters, she has been profoundly considering the explanation for her mother’s self destruction. She even ventures to such an extreme as to consider it before every self destruction endeavor told in the novel. Each time, she feels nearer to her mom because of her self-disclosures. For instance, she is incredibly glad to discover that her mom hung the old, yellow feline not out of scorn however out of dread of depression in existence in the wake of death. She is likewise one of only a handful not many characters that attempt to comprehend Meg’s wanton and insane character. Darling portrays the after influences Meg had in the wake of finding their mom dead. As indicated by Babe, Meg would take a gander at pictures of individuals unhealthy or in torment so as to demonstrate that she was not frail. This craving to seem solid converted into different regions of Meg’s life. The manner in which Babe attempts to achieve her objective of understanding her existence is by acting like a youngster. Darling sees the world through a child’s focal point. She poses numerous inquiries, can't control her feelings, and doesn't comprehend social standards. One model where she can't control her feelings is the point at which her sister is in the room and she attempts to paw out the rope from the cabinet. As opposed to cautiously take the rope, she wants to hook it out and murder herself right away. Like a kid, she likewise doesn't comprehend social standards or their outcomes. While Babe is pretty and has men after her, for example, the youthful legal counselor, she favors little kids. Darling thinks about and has sexual relations with a little kid, Willie Jae, who is just 15 years of age. It appears she feels better associated with small kids, versus grown-ups her age. Also, Willie is African American. During such a period, having simply contact between the two could have prompted huge discipline for the them two. Instead of basically understanding her circumstance, she seems unaware of it. When Willie Jae must go north for assurance, she inquires as to why. It appears she doesn't totally comprehend the manner in which certain races are seen in the public arena. Her go about as a youngster spares her at long last. Her legal counselor had an over the top fixation on his own feud against Zachary; in any case, he surrendered that for the wellbeing of she. He adored and thought about Babe’s kid like and kind character. Angel has most likely utilized her apparent kid like blamelessness previously. As she attempts to comprehend the world, her youngster like qualities both assistance her and are a disservice to her. Through-line: - Dad deserts her and her sisters Mother balances herself in the basement alongside the old, yellow feline. Mother winds up on the national news - Grandfather calls her moving sugarplum. - Marries Zachary while alcoholic. Granddad accepts she will end up being the highest point of society. - Is genuinely manhandled by her better half and pushed around by her sister-in-law, Lucille - Gets a pooch called Dog from Willie Jae, multi year-old African American kid. She has sex in the trash a few times - Zachary returns home early and hits Willie Jae. Angel is self-destructive, however rather attempts to execute Zachary. Makes lemonade and afterward calls an emergency vehicle.

Globalization Has Incresed A Rise Human Trafficking - Free Essay Example

Although the global integration of economics and politics has played a vital role in expanding communication and facilitating the union of many cultural and social movements, it has also cultivated an environment where organized crime can flourish. One of these being the buying and selling of humans for labor, marriage, sex, child soldiers and the harvesting of organs. Generating around 150 billion dollars worldwide, human trafficking in one the largest international crime industries. According to The International Labour Organization there has been an estimated 40.3 million victims of trafficking in 2018 thus far. Globalization has inexplicably created a rise in illicit trade by increasing the economic and demographic inequalities between the underdeveloped and developed countries. Remote parts of the world are now being integrated into the rest of the economy creating an incentive for people to search for work elsewhere. Simultaneously, large corporations are searching outside of their own economies for ways around labor laws and limitations, thus creating a powerful concurrence of factors that allows trafficking to be easily accessible and extremely profitable. According to the U.S Department of Labor, 148 goods imported into the United States this year were made by enslaved children. Global trade has become a guise for modern-day slavery. A narrative of new opportunity for others and more economic efficiency has been fed to those of us with the privilege to believe it, allowing companies and corporations to take advantage of developing countries and not be held responsible. Human trafficking is an attractive market for criminals in this economic environment because humans, unlike drugs, can be sold repeatedly over time. They generate high profits and are in large demand all while the facilitators face minimal risks in most places. Among trafficking victims, 75% are women and girls used for sexual exploitation and forced labor. This disproportionally large number can be attributed to a number of factors including denial of property rights and political participation as well as limited access to education and economic rights. This lack of investment in women and girls has sustained a feminization of poverty throughout the world and continued to increase the risk of victimization. Often lured in by promises of money or freedom in the United States, women are tricked into dangerous environments, and without the resources to find help, stay there and become recruiters themselves. The victim turned perpetrator storyline is growing and has become more glamourized in recent years. It is commonly believed that this epidemic is the problem of foreign countries and not our own, but this could not be further from the truth. Although the United States does not disclose exact statistics due to privacy laws and policies, The National Human Trafficking Hotline has received 14,117 calls and verified 5,147 cases this year. The majority of w hich were women of color for sexual exploitation in California, Texas, and Florida. This epidemic is happening in our backyards and growing rapidly yet too often goes unnoticed because it does not fit popular media images of what victims look like. Movies, tv shows, and popular news stories tend to depict whitewashed versions of victims and discounts the fact that women of color have always faced these types of exploitation. Also, these women and girls are often persecuted by structures such as the foster care system or welfare state before they are victimized by trafficking making it difficult to identify those being held against their will. Countries, including the United States, have attempted to combat human trafficking by increasing legal labor mobility, implementing training and prevention programs, and pushing for greater public awareness but corruption and bribery are rampant. Organized crime groups use these tactics to create ties with politicians, police officials, and border patrol agencies. Few countries see human trafficking as important as combating drugs or other forms of international crime and fail to allocate the necessary resources to fight it. Ultimately though, it is the lack of harmonized global legislation that has prevented any real progress. Without cohesive regulations and laws to hold countries accountable, this cycle of slavery and abuse will continue. The lack of attention and urgency to respond to such a large and terrifying epidemic cannot be explained without looking at it through the prism of historic misogyny and sexism throughout the globe. If it were men being impacted at such high rates there might be more of a push to find a solution but the reality is that human trafficking stems from power structures that have always neglected women, especially those of color. The normalization of womens oppressions has cultivated an environment where women can be enslaved and abused all over the world and until society is able t o move away from that narrative it will continue to see this occur. Human trafficking is the fastest growing crime organization in the world. The allowance of free-flowing capital has inadvertently increased access to minority women and girls and created a capitalistic sphere where humans are assigned a monetary value. Moral panic and ineffective directive are not enough to combat and correct the intimate and frightening relationship between globalization and trafficking. It is with the same rapid communication and global integration that has created this environment that also has the ability to disassemble it. Steps must be taken to hold leaders and politicians accountable. We must move away from the idea that this is a taboo concept that is not suitable for conversation and start giving it the attention it requires. ?

The Ethical And Moral Issues Of The Adoption Essay

With adoption there are often many issues that can arise. The issues during an adoption can range from ethical, moral, to legal issues. One might think there could be many legal issues when it comes to an adoption, but not many may think of the ethical and moral issues that can come about in the adoption process. Ethical issues can arise in the post adoption process by the way of wrongful adoption liability. This issue pertains to two categories, fraud as the basis for wrongful adoption, and negligence as the basis for wrongful adoption. This issue has been decided in many court cases. In many of these cases the mother uses one of these arguments as a basis to try to revoke the adoption, and gain back their parental rights. The fraud as a basis for wrongful adoption is â€Å"deliberately providing inaccurate material background information.†(AFFCNY, 2016) While the negligence basis is carelessly not providing material, and background information. â€Å"At least 17 states and the District of Columbia have adoption laws providing a specified number of days after signing a relinquishment (ranging from three to 30 days) during which birthparents can revoke their decisions without having to prove fraud or best interests of the child.† (Smith, 2006) The next ethical issue that commonly comes up is the best interests of the child. When a mother petitions to get her rights returned to her as a parent after relinquishing her rights the main issue the judge will look at if they deem that theShow MoreRelatedRelationship Between School Results And School Leadership945 Words   |  4 Pagesadvocates of usage of ethics and/or moral principles in the school administration. Sergiovanni (1986) and Starratt (1991) disseminated their adoption of moral and ethical perspectives to educational school leadership theory in their respective works, Moral Leadership: Getting to the Heart of School Improvement and â€Å"Building an Ethical School: A theory for Practice in Educational Leadership.† The following is further arguments of the significance of an ethical lens to school leadership and a moreRead MoreThe Ethical Dilemm Abortion Essay1233 Words   |  5 Pages Ethical Dilemma: Abortion Abortion is a widely discussed topic that has opened a moral debate on whether it should, or not, be allowed. The purpose of this paper is to analyze a case study which will be addressed from a Christian based worldview. Additionally, since abortion is a controversial subject, it is necessary to take into account the potential resolutions of the issue, and how they can be contrasted to Christian values and core beliefs. Ethical Dilemma A woman gets pregnant after aRead MoreThe Death Of An Unborn Fetus Should Be Viewed Through The Same Moral Standards1523 Words   |  7 Pagesherself.† In the United States, four in ten of unintended pregnancies result in abortion culminating in approximately 1.21 million abortions each year.1 Abortion, defined as the removal of a fertilized egg from the uterus, has been a controversial issue in our society. On January 1973 the Supreme Court of the U.S gave the right to abortion on Roe vs Wade. This monumental decision gives the absolute right to abortion regardless of the stage of pregnancy, not limited to the first trimester as it isRead MoreMedical Ethics And Abortion : A Moral And Ethical Dilemma Essay1662 Words   |  7 PagesMedical Ethics and Abortion Abortion is wrong because it is the murder of a human being. Abortion continues to be a moral and ethical dilemma for all those involved. The American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of Ethics states, â€Å"nurses have the ethical and moral obligation to promote and protect life.† Still, debates continue, opposing the belief of life against the principle of autonomy and a woman’s right to regulate her body. It is disputable that the right to have an abortion is a right to dominateRead MoreDavid Humes Theory of Ethics Essay1675 Words   |  7 PagesHumes most famous quote is â€Å"Reason is, and ought only to be the slave of the passions, and can never pretend to any other office than to serve and obey them.† To understand the implications of this quote as a basis for an ethical theory you need to understand that every other ethical theory attempts to derive how things ought to be from how things are. The jumps from matters of fact and relations of ideas perceived by reason, to value judgments perceived by emotions, are made in Hume’s opinion withRead MoreEthical Issues Faced by the Accountancy Profession Essay1747 Words   |  7 Pagesaccounting ethics are not adhered to. Codes of ethics are adopted to ensure the reliability, comparability and integrity of financial statements. Ethical standards exist to safeguard the fundamental principles of accountancy and recognize threats to these principles so judgement can be made to resolve ethical dilemmas. However an accountant frequently faces ethical issues due to their work and not always stays vigilant to the manipulating influences on their judgement. Abdolmohammadi, M., Fedorowicz,Read MoreHaving a Baby Through Assisted Reproductive Technology Essay952 Words   |  4 Pagesprofessional help or even to the point where adoption is the only possibility available. When given the option of professional help, we need to look at the big picture and think about the moral, immoral and ethical part of this delicate subject. However, while it may be difficult for some couples to conceive a baby, there are many methods that can possibly work and that’s when ART (Assisted Reproductive Technology) becomes a great part of it. As far as the moral and ethical part, some people would disagreeRead Morearticle review Adapting Kohlberg to Enhance the Assessment of Managers Moral Reasoning777 Words   |  4 PagesAdapting Kohlberg to Enhance the Assessment of Managers Moral Reasoning 293-313 Introduction This review intents to summarize and evaluate the adaptions of Lawrence Kohlbergs Moral Judgment Interview and Standard Issue Scoring method by James Weber. The article â€Å"Adapting Kohlberg to Enhance the Assessment of Managers Moral Reasoning† by James Weber mentions four different adaptions of the moral judgment interview and the standard issue scoring method. These modifications have tested by empiricalRead MoreWhy Abortion Should Be Illegal Essay1698 Words   |  7 Pagesshould be illegal since it is a form of murder society has accepted that has cost an immeasurable amount lives. Abortion is a horrible practice because it causes moral and ethical dilemmas for all involved, it negatively affects both the child and mother, and there is a multitude of alternate routes available. Abortion causes a moral dilemma for all the individuals involved. The court case that started the national debate regarding abortion is Roe v. Wade. According to Alex McBride, a contributorRead MoreThe Ethical Issues Of Abortion1024 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction There are numerous ethical issues that can develop in labor and delivery whether this issue influences the mother, baby, or both. In healthcare, it is an obligation for the provider to give ideal care, treatment, and prevent harm to patients while making ethical choices. Here and there, these choices aren t highly contrasting and providers must outweigh benefits versus harm in order to give the best care possible for mother and baby. One case of an ethical issues that emerges in obstetrics

System Documentation and Risk Analysis (JK Saddlerys Cashiering Funct

Question: Discuss about the System Documentation and Risk Analysis for JK Saddlerys Cashiering Function. Answer: Introduction The following report has been presented to JK so that a better management of daily business activities could be made possible. The report consists of the analysis done on the format in which things are done in his entity. The risks that are presented in the study is linked to the cashiering process. It has been described in a detailed manner along with the control steps that should be taken by JK for mitigation. Therefore after implications of the plan, it would be possible for JK to minimise the present risk regarding cashiering management. Part A Level 0 (logical) Data Flow Diagram of the case: This methodology is being used to show the process which is being used in the existing system. It can be ascertained from the flow of diagram than which information is made available to the system and which one is being received from it. The interaction with other systems is being also identified by using this technology (Liou, 2015). After the development of the system is being done, it could be checked that whether the initial requirement of the entity has been meeting. CASE i.e. computer aided software engineering are usually used for presenting data flow diagram because advantages are attached to it. In situation where CASE tools are utilized for formation of data flow diagram than the available advantages are that it will not allow use of a non-standard notation for all the items in the diagram and the other is that some rules have to be followed while using it which do not allow the user in making connections between the different items that should not be allowed. Data flow diagram of the case: Figure 1: Logical DFD Process Map It can be said that process map is a flow diagram of the primary processes of an entity. It specifically shows the persons who have been involved in the operations of the entity. It is not limited to a single department or function of the entity and all the operations of an entity are part of it (Dumas, Mendling and Reijers, 2013). There are seven types of process maps which include seven types of flow in accounting which are cash flow, disbursement flow, collection flow, information flow, material flow, quote flow and order flow. A flow of activities has been described by the process map. The interactions and sequence of related process steps can be called as the flow of the process. While drawing a process map it has been tried to minimise backflow of arrows that go from bottom to top or left to right. A better understanding of operations is available through process maps; they are also used for generating new ideas of process improvement or stimulate discussion (Gunasekaran, 2016). The process map is also used for highlighting the problems and identifying delays or gaps, duplication, bottlenecks of the operations of the entity. There may be various forms of process map but they all tend to use SIPOC format and a standard UML for symbols. Figure 3: Process map Assumptions: The sale is being done physically through stores and online stores as well. Sale order of online visitors is generated on the website of the store and made available to customers at the same time. The operation of JK Saddlers Ltd includes inflow of data of customers, making sales order, cashier management and Banking payments. The payment of online customers is received directly in the bank account of the entity. Analysis of data flow diagram: The diagram has been presented in accordance with information available regarding the case and assumptions which have been made as well. The diagram depicts that the information of customer sales order is received at the shop as well as at online stores (Evans, 2001). The sales order is prepared by the sales person and presented to the cashier for completion of other operations of the entity. It can be said that the flow of data moves to owner or management through the cashier. Part b: Risks present in current cashiering process: By considering the given case scenario following risk has been assessed in current cashiering process which has high possibility for imposition of threat on business: Management by a single person: In the present system, the main risk available in the cashiering process is that all the things are managed and controlled by one person only. In this case, if any fraud has been made by him than in that case he can make changes in all the accounts as in the system of the entity and in the mail received too. Allocated authorities: The other risk which is available in the system that is the authority present with the cashier regarding the selling price of the product (Mendling, 2013). As in the present case the entries have been made by the same person, cash collection and price determination is also being done by that person only. Hence, it is an easy job for him to manipulate the books of accounts in the manner he needed because he is responsible for all the related operations of management. Misuse of cash: In the present case risk regarding the misuse of cash is also available as no check has been made on the amount of cash collected on an everyday basis. It could be possible that the cashier uses the cash for some days and deposit again the same amount without informing the owner. Lack of synchronization: In accordance with the given situation, cash activities are not properly organized due to which business will face issue in cash management. Further, all activities are connected to previous one due to which there is high rigidity. Due to the above-cited risk, there is a high threat of manipulation in the cashiering process which can create a loss to the business. In addition to this, if these risks are not appropriately mitigated profitability and liquidity of the business will be adversely affected. Control plan to minimise the risk: In accordance with the above description, it can be noticed that JK is required to develop an appropriate plan to mitigate risk. For this aspect, they are required to take following steps: Recruitment of employees: JK should appoint more staff members as it is given in the case that it is a small retail business but has healthy cash flow. Therefore, JK is financially viable in appointing another employee (Chang, 2016). The format of management can be changed in a way that rather the operations should be distributed between them or the work of one should be checked by another. This step is required to be taken because constraint of employees is reducing their efficiency. In addition to this, recruitment of qualified staff will enhance their scope of profitability. Better control procedures: The authority of billing and collecting cash should not be made available to the same employee. Checking of work by the owner is not mentioned in the present case which is an important part of management. Surprise check regarding the price on which goods are being sold to the customer should be done to analyse the discount being allowed by the cashier. By applicability of above-described facts, better control process can be implemented. In addition to this, proper checking can be done to ensure quality in work performance. Policies and procedures: The risk regarding price can be controlled by making policies about the amount of discount or rebate in selling price will be available to customers. As the sale is done to both other retailers and individuals; different policies relating to discount allowed should be made available to the cashier (Rosemann and vom Brocke, 2015). The benefit available to the entity will be that the customers will avail discount as previously and risk regarding the selling price will be also eliminated. Updated technologies: An eye can be kept on the manager by using technology also. The camera can be installed at the place of the cashier to ascertain that whether the cash that has been collected by the cashier is being deposited the same day or not. The risk regarding misuse of cash can be avoiding by application of this policy. Conclusion In accordance with the present study conclusion can be drawn that risk regarding cashiering management is required to be mitigated in an appropriate manner else it can create severe issues for business. Evaluation of risk of JK Cashiering process shows that company is not managing their operational activities in a viable manner. It is because; there are various deficiencies in their control system. However, they can make improvement in their process by considering recommendation provided in the file for smooth cash flow. Along with this, management of the company will also be able to make a reduction in the possibility of risk of error. References Chang, J.F., 2016. Business process management systems: strategy and implementation. CRC Press. Dumas, M., Mendling, J. and Reijers, H.A., 2013. Fundamentals of business process management (Vol. 1, p. 2). Heidelberg: Springer. Evans, T., 2001. System Documentation. [Online]. Available through https://www.timothydevans.me.uk/sysdoc.html. [Accessed on 19th August 2016]. Gunasekaran, A., 2016. International Journal of Process Management and Benchmarking. [Online]. Available through https://www.inderscience.com/jhome.php?jcode=ijpmb. [Accessed on 19th August 2016]. Liou, C.C., 2015. Study on establishment of quality management system documentation. Cengage learning. Mendling, J., 2013. Fundamentals of Business Process Management. In GI-Jahrestagung. P. 157. Rosemann, M. and vom Brocke, J., 2015. The six core elements of business process management. In Handbook on Business Process Management 1 (pp. 105-122). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. van Rensburg, A., 2008. A framework for business process management. Computers industrial engineering. 35(1). Pp.217-220.

Unstructured decisions Essay Example

Unstructured decisions Paper Unstructured decision involved complex Situations, where the decisions are complicated and unknown. Where the decision maker rely heavily on the experience, judgment and knowledge for such decisions. As part of HSBC`s business strategy their top level management decided to continue giving subprime mortgage loans to the U. S customers. A subprime mortgage loan is a kind of loans which is offered to customers with poor credit history and low income. Though it was high risky HSBC continued with loans, not only that but also they begin buying up subprime loans from different sources like wholesale mortgage company and independent brokers and others banks. The housing boom and high competitions among the lenders influenced HSBC to make such decisions. Despite of being high risky the loan seems to be tempting because of their high interest which was source of higher revenue for HSBC. These decisions, which were unstructured, were made by top level management based on their judgment market evaluation risk analysis and others internal and external factors. Later on, to overcome the mortgage crisis HSBC made some decisions. They made some changes in their personnel and policies. They stop giving state income loans and increased the required FICO score for qualifying the loans. So all that top level management decisions lead to significant changes in HSBC. Semi-structure decisions: Where a number features can be shared with both the operational and strategic levels. IN the case of HSBC, In terms of purchasing pool of mortgages loan s from wholesaler the middle level management made some semi structure decision s which includes offering state income loans. We will write a custom essay sample on Unstructured decisions specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Unstructured decisions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Unstructured decisions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer HSBC accepting the loans application based on their credit score and documentation like income level, occupation, job position etc. Middle level management made the above semi structure decisions by co-coordinating the decision of the top level management with the implementation by the operational management. Structured Decisions: Structured decision involved repeated and routine works that are managed using certain procedure by the operational management. In the case of HSBC, they decided to pursue subprime mortgage and to implement these, they set guidelines to the operational level management. The operational management approved the credit cards, loans and mortgages based on FICO (Fair Isaac Corporation of Minneapolis) score which is a credit rating institution. They accepted it as a reliable tool for sectioning loans to the customers. This sort of decisions was made by operational management which was structured decision that followed certain procedure. When deciding to pursue subprime mortgages they took some wrong decisions in their decision making process. In my opinion where in the decision making process HSBC went are described below. HSBC flipped some of the second-lien mortgages loans to others company and keep some as investment. HSBC predicted customers will continue the payments and they will earn revenue from the interest. But customers were unable to go on with their payments and that incurred losses to HSBC. In my opinion, HSBC failed to make proper market analysis that lead to wrong forecasting. When providing State income loans, HSBC relied on the information and documents supplied by the applicants. But ninety percentages of the applicants declared their income higher than their real income. Some people overstated their employment position. Therefore they got the loans more than they can afford. In my opinion they did not verified the information and documents of the customers and that was a mistake done by HSBC. When evaluating applicants for credit card, loans and fixed rate mortgages they relied on FICO credit score, but it was not proven as a reliable tool for approving second lien loans and mortgages. So in my opinion using the FICO scoring systems was a wrong decision.